Model data from CHASER MIROC-ESM, the atmospheric chemistry coupled version of the MIROC Earth System Model, part of the International Global Atmospheric Chemistry (IGAC)/ Stratosphere-troposphere Processes and their Role in Climate (SPARC) Chemistry-Climate Model Initiative phase 1 (CCMI-1). CCMI-1 is a global chemistry climate model intercomparison project, coordinated by the University of Reading on behalf of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP). The dataset includes data for the following CCMI-1 experiments: Reference experiments: ref-C1SD and ref-C2. Sensitivity experiments: senC1SDfEmis, senC2fCH4, senC2fEmis, senC2fGHG, senC2fN2O and senC2fODS. ref-C1SD: Similar to ref-C1 but the models are nudged towards reanalysis datasets, and correspondingly the simulations only cover 1980–2010. (“SD” stands for specified dynamics.) ref-C2: Simulations spanning the period 1960–2100. The experiments follow the WMO (2011) A1 baseline scenario for ozone depleting substances and the RCP 6.0 (Meinshausen et al., 2011) for other greenhouse gases, tropospheric ozone (O3) precursors, and aerosol and aerosol precursor emissions. senC1SDfEmis: Surface emissions such as nitrogen oxides (NOx ), carbon monoxide (CO), non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs), and aerosol precursors are prescribed at 1960 levels throughout, allowing the influence of meteorological variability on tropospheric composition to be established. senC2fEmis: Similar to ref-C2 but with surface and aircraft emissions fixed to their respective 1960 levels. senC2fGHG: Similar to ref-C2 but with greenhouse gasses (GHGs) fixed at their 1960 levels, and sea surface and sea ice conditions prescribed as the 1955–1964 average (where these conditions are imposed). senC2fCH4: Similar to ref-C2 but the methane surface-mixing ratio is fixed to its 1960 value. senC2fN2O: Similar to ref-C2 but the nitrous oxide surface-mixing ratio is fixed to its 1960 value. senC2fODS: Similar to ref-C2 but with ozone-depleting (halogenated) substances (ODSs) fixed at their 1960 levels.

Data from Australian Community Climate and Earth System Simulator Chemistry Climate Model (ACCESS-CCM) model simulations, part of the International Global Atmospheric Chemistry (IGAC)/ Stratosphere-troposphere Processes and their Role in Climate (SPARC) Chemistry-Climate Model Initiative phase 1 (CCMI-1). CCMI-1 is a global chemistry climate model intercomparison project, coordinated by the University of Reading on behalf of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP). The dataset includes data for four CCMI-1 experiments: Reference experiments: ref-C1 and ref-C2. Sensitivity experiments: senC2fGHG and senC2fODS. ref-C1: Using state-of-knowledge historic forcings and observed sea surface conditions, the models simulate the recent past (1960–2010). ref-C2: Simulations spanning the period 1960–2100. The experiments follow the WMO (2011) A1 baseline scenario for ozone depleting substances and the RCP 6.0 (Meinshausen et al., 2011) for other greenhouse gases, tropospheric ozone (O3) precursors, and aerosol and aerosol precursor emissions. senC2fGHG: Similar to ref-C2 but with greenhouse gasses (GHGs) fixed at their 1960 levels, and sea surface and sea ice conditions prescribed as the 1955–1964 average (where these conditions are imposed). senC2fODS: Similar to ref-C2 but with ozone-depleting (halogenated) substances (ODSs) fixed at their 1960 levels.

Data from the New Zealand National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research - United Kingdom Chemistry and Aerosol (NIWA-UKCA) model, part of the International Global Atmospheric Chemistry (IGAC)/ Stratosphere-troposphere Processes and their Role in Climate (SPARC) Chemistry-Climate Model Initiative phase 1 (CCMI-1). CCMI-1 is a global chemistry climate model intercomparison project, coordinated by the University of Reading on behalf of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP). The dataset includes data for the following CCMI-1 experiments: Reference experiments: ref-C1 and ref-C2. Sensitivity experiments: senC1fEmis, senC2fCH4, senC2fGHG, senC2fN2O and senC2fODS. ref-C1: Using state-of-knowledge historic forcings and observed sea surface conditions, the models simulate the recent past (1960–2010). ref-C2: Simulations spanning the period 1960–2100. The experiments follow the WMO (2011) A1 baseline scenario for ozone depleting substances and the RCP 6.0 (Meinshausen et al., 2011) for other greenhouse gases, tropospheric ozone (O3) precursors, and aerosol and aerosol precursor emissions. senC1fEmis: Surface emissions such as nitrogen oxides (NOx ), carbon monoxide (CO), non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs), and aerosol precursors are prescribed at 1960 levels throughout, allowing the influence of meteorological variability on tropospheric composition to be established. senC2fGHG: Similar to ref-C2 but with greenhouse gasses (GHGs) fixed at their 1960 levels, and sea surface and sea ice conditions prescribed as the 1955–1964 average (where these conditions are imposed). senC2fCH4: Similar to ref-C2 but the methane surface-mixing ratio is fixed to its 1960 value. senC2fN2O: Similar to ref-C2 but the nitrous oxide surface-mixing ratio is fixed to its 1960 value. senC2fODS: Similar to ref-C2 but with ozone-depleting (halogenated) substances (ODSs) fixed at their 1960 levels.

Data from IPSL coupled chemistry climate model LMDz-REPROBUS v5, part of the International Global Atmospheric Chemistry (IGAC)/ Stratosphere-troposphere Processes and their Role in Climate (SPARC) Chemistry-Climate Model Initiative phase 1 (CCMI-1). CCMI-1 is a global chemistry climate model intercomparison project, coordinated by the University of Reading on behalf of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP). The dataset includes data for the following CCMI-1 experiments: Reference experiments: ref-C1, ref-C1SD and ref-C2. Sensitivity experiments: senC2fCH4, senC2fGHG, senC2fN2O, senC2fODS, senC2fODS2000, senC2rcp26, senC2rcp45 and senC2rcp85. ref-C1: Using state-of-knowledge historic forcings and observed sea surface conditions, the models simulate the recent past (1960–2010). ref-C1SD: Similar to ref-C1 but the models are nudged towards reanalysis datasets, and correspondingly the simulations only cover 1980–2010. (“SD” stands for specified dynamics.) ref-C2: Simulations spanning the period 1960–2100. The experiments follow the WMO (2011) A1 baseline scenario for ozone depleting substances and the RCP 6.0 (Meinshausen et al., 2011) for other greenhouse gases, tropospheric ozone (O3) precursors, and aerosol and aerosol precursor emissions. senC2fGHG: Similar to ref-C2 but with greenhouse gasses (GHGs) fixed at their 1960 levels, and sea surface and sea ice conditions prescribed as the 1955–1964 average (where these conditions are imposed). senC2fCH4: Similar to ref-C2 but the methane surface-mixing ratio is fixed to its 1960 value. senC2fN2O: Similar to ref-C2 but the nitrous oxide surface-mixing ratio is fixed to its 1960 value. senC2fODS: Similar to ref-C2 but with ozone-depleting (halogenated) substances (ODSs) fixed at their 1960 levels. senC2fODS2000: The same as ref-C2 but with ODSs fixed at their year 2000 levels. senC2rcp26: The same as ref-C2, but with the GHG scenario changed to RCP 2.6 (Meinshausen et al., 2011). senC2rcp45: The same as ref-C2, but with the GHG scenario changed to RCP 4.5 (Meinshausen et al., 2011). senC2rcp85: The same as ref-C2, but with the GHG scenario changed to RCP 8.5 (Meinshausen et al., 2011).

Data from the University of Leeds UMSLIMCAT model, part of the International Global Atmospheric Chemistry (IGAC)/ Stratosphere-troposphere Processes and their Role in Climate (SPARC) Chemistry-Climate Model Initiative (CCMI-1). CCMI-1 is a global chemistry climate model intercomparison project, coordinated by the University of Reading on behalf of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP). The dataset includes data for the following CCMI-1 experiments: Reference experiments ref-C1, ref-C1SD and ref-C2. Sensitivity experiments senC1SSI, senC2fGHG, senC2fODS, senC2fODS2000, senC2rcp45 and senC2rcp85. ref-C1: Using state-of-knowledge historic forcings and observed sea surface conditions, the models simulate the recent past (1960–2010). ref-C1SD: Similar to ref-C1 but the models are nudged towards reanalysis datasets, and correspondingly the simulations only cover 1980–2010. (“SD” stands for specified dynamics.) ref-C2: Simulations spanning the period 1960–2100. The experiments follow the WMO (2011) A1 baseline scenario for ozone depleting substances and the RCP 6.0 (Meinshausen et al., 2011) for other greenhouse gases, tropospheric ozone (O3) precursors, and aerosol and aerosol precursor emissions. senC1SSI: The same as ref-C1 but using a solar forcing dataset with increased UV intensity. senC2fGHG: Similar to ref-C2 but with greenhouse gasses (GHGs) fixed at their 1960 levels, and sea surface and sea ice conditions prescribed as the 1955–1964 average (where these conditions are imposed). senC2fODS: The same as ref-C2 but with ozone-depleting (halogenated) substances (ODSs) fixed at their 1960 levels. senC2fODS2000: The same as ref-C2 but with ODSs fixed at their year 2000 levels. senC2rcp45: The same as ref-C2, but with the GHG scenario changed to RCP 4.5 (Meinshausen et al., 2011). senC2rcp85: The same as ref-C2, but with the GHG scenario changed to RCP 8.5 (Meinshausen et al., 2011).

Data from CCSR-NIES MIROC3.2 model, part of the International Global Atmospheric Chemistry (IGAC)/ Stratosphere-troposphere Processes and their Role in Climate (SPARC) Chemistry-Climate Model Initiative phase 1 (CCMI-1). CCMI-1 is a global chemistry climate model intercomparison project, coordinated by the University of Reading on behalf of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP). The dataset includes data for the following CCMI-1 experiments: Reference experiments: ref-C1, ref-C1SD and ref-C2. Sensitivity experiments: senC2fCH4, senC2fGHG, senC2fN2O, senC2fODS, senC2fODS2000, senC2rcp26, senC2rcp45, senC2rcp85 and senC2SlrTrnd. ref-C1: Using state-of-knowledge historic forcings and observed sea surface conditions, the models simulate the recent past (1960–2010). ref-C1SD: Similar to ref-C1 but the models are nudged towards reanalysis datasets, and correspondingly the simulations only cover 1980–2010. (“SD” stands for specified dynamics.) ref-C2: Simulations spanning the period 1960–2100. The experiments follow the WMO (2011) A1 baseline scenario for ozone depleting substances and the RCP 6.0 (Meinshausen et al., 2011) for other greenhouse gases, tropospheric ozone (O3) precursors, and aerosol and aerosol precursor emissions. senC2fGHG: Similar to ref-C2 but with greenhouse gasses (GHGs) fixed at their 1960 levels, and sea surface and sea ice conditions prescribed as the 1955–1964 average (where these conditions are imposed). senC2fCH4: Similar to ref-C2 but the methane surface-mixing ratio is fixed to its 1960 value. senC2fN2O: Similar to ref-C2 but the nitrous oxide surface-mixing ratio is fixed to its 1960 value. senC2fODS: Similar to ref-C2 but with ozone-depleting (halogenated) substances (ODSs) fixed at their 1960 levels. senC2fODS2000: The same as ref-C2 but with ODSs fixed at their year 2000 levels. senC2rcp26: The same as ref-C2, but with the GHG scenario changed to RCP 2.6 (Meinshausen et al., 2011). senC2rcp45: The same as ref-C2, but with the GHG scenario changed to RCP 4.5 (Meinshausen et al., 2011). senC2rcp85: The same as ref-C2, but with the GHG scenario changed to RCP 8.5 (Meinshausen et al., 2011). senC2SlrTrnd: Reduction of solar activity akin to the Maunder Minimum of the 17th and 18th centuries.

Data from the Environment and Climate Change Canada (CCCma) Canadian Middle Atmosphere Model (CMAM) model simulations, part of the International Global Atmospheric Chemistry (IGAC)/ Stratosphere-troposphere Processes and their Role in Climate (SPARC) Chemistry-Climate Model Initiative phase 1 (CCMI-1). CCMI-1 is a global chemistry climate model intercomparison project, coordinated by the University of Reading on behalf of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP). The dataset includes data for the following CCMI-1 experiments: Reference experiments: ref-C1, ref-C1SD and ref-C2. Sensitivity experiments: senC2CH4rcp85, senC2fCH4, senC2fGHG, senC2fN2O, senC2fODS, senC2rcp26, senC2rcp45 and senC2rcp85. ref-C1: Using state-of-knowledge historic forcings and observed sea surface conditions, the models simulate the recent past (1960–2010). ref-C1SD: Similar to ref-C1 but the models are nudged towards reanalysis datasets, and correspondingly the simulations only cover 1980–2010. (“SD” stands for specified dynamics.) ref-C2: Simulations spanning the period 1960–2100. The experiments follow the WMO (2011) A1 baseline scenario for ozone depleting substances and the RCP 6.0 (Meinshausen et al., 2011) for other greenhouse gases, tropospheric ozone (O3) precursors, and aerosol and aerosol precursor emissions. senC2CH4rcp85: Similar to ref-C2 but the methane surface-mixing ratio follows the RCP 8.5 scenario (Meinshausen et al., 2011), all other GHGs and forcings follow RCP 6.0. senC2fCH4: Similar to ref-C2 but the methane surface-mixing ratio is fixed to its 1960 value. senC2fGHG: Similar to ref-C2 but with greenhouse gasses (GHGs) fixed at their 1960 levels, and sea surface and sea ice conditions prescribed as the 1955–1964 average (where these conditions are imposed). senC2fN2O: Similar to ref-C2 but the nitrous oxide surface-mixing ratio is fixed to its 1960 value. senC2fODS: Similar to ref-C2 but with ozone-depleting (halogenated) substances (ODSs) fixed at their 1960 levels. senC2rcp26: The same as ref-C2, but with the GHG scenario changed to RCP 2.6 (Meinshausen et al., 2011). senC2rcp45: The same as ref-C2, but with the GHG scenario changed to RCP 4.5 (Meinshausen et al., 2011). senC2rcp85: The same as ref-C2, but with the GHG scenario changed to RCP 8.5 (Meinshausen et al., 2011).

Data from the University L' Aquila Chemistry Climate Model (ULAQ-CCM), part of the International Global Atmospheric Chemistry (IGAC)/ Stratosphere-troposphere Processes and their Role in Climate (SPARC) Chemistry-Climate Model Initiative phase1 (CCMI-1). CCMI-1 is a global chemistry climate model intercomparison project, coordinated by the University of Reading on behalf of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP). The dataset includes data for the following CCMI-1 experiments: Reference experiments: ref-C1 and ref-C2. Sensitivity experiments: senC1SDfEmis, senC1SSI, senC2fCH4, senC2fEmis, senC2fGHG, senC2fN2O, senC2fODS, senC2fODS2000, senC2rcp26, senC2rcp45, senC2rcp85 and senC2SlrTrnd. ref-C1: Using state-of-knowledge historic forcings and observed sea surface conditions, the models simulate the recent past (1960–2010). ref-C2: Simulations spanning the period 1960–2100. The experiments follow the WMO (2011) A1 baseline scenario for ozone depleting substances and the RCP 6.0 (Meinshausen et al., 2011) for other greenhouse gases, tropospheric ozone (O3) precursors, and aerosol and aerosol precursor emissions. senC1SDfEmis: Surface emissions such as nitrogen oxides (NOx ), carbon monoxide (CO), non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs), and aerosol precursors are prescribed at 1960 levels throughout, allowing the influence of meteorological variability on tropospheric composition to be established. (“SD” stands for specified dynamics.) senC1SSI: The same as ref-C1 but using a solar forcing dataset with increased UV intensity. senC2fGHG: Similar to ref-C2 but with greenhouse gasses (GHGs) fixed at their 1960 levels, and sea surface and sea ice conditions prescribed as the 1955–1964 average (where these conditions are imposed). senC2fEmis: Similar to ref-C2 but with surface and aircraft emissions fixed to their respective 1960 levels. senC2fN2O: Similar to ref-C2 but the nitrous oxide surface-mixing ratio is fixed to its 1960 value. senC2fODS: Similar to ref-C2 but with ozone-depleting (halogenated) substances (ODSs) fixed at their 1960 levels. senC2fODS2000: The same as ref-C2 but with ODSs fixed at their year 2000 levels. senC2rcp26: The same as ref-C2, but with the GHG scenario changed to RCP 2.6 (Meinshausen et al., 2011). senC2rcp45: The same as ref-C2, but with the GHG scenario changed to RCP 4.5 (Meinshausen et al., 2011). senC2rcp85: The same as ref-C2, but with the GHG scenario changed to RCP 8.5 (Meinshausen et al., 2011). senC2SlrTrnd: Reduction of solar activity akin to the Maunder Minimum of the 17th and 18th centuries.