The COAPEC (Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Processes and European Climate) programme was a 5 year NERC thematic programme designed to examine the variability of the Earth's climate. Interactions between the oceans and the atmosphere play a major role in governing this variability. The goal of COAPEC was to determine the impact on climate, especially European climate, of the coupling between the Atlantic Ocean and the atmosphere, including the influence of ENSO on this coupling. To aid researchers within the COAPEC programme, datasets have been retrieved from a variety of coupled models. * 100 years (2079 - 2178) monthly means of all atmospheric and oceanic fields derived from the control run of the Hadley Centre HadCM3 model. * 1000 years (1849-2849) of monthly means of selected parameters from the HadCM3 control run. * 50 years (1950-2000) of MOM (GFDL Modular Ocean Model) data. * Output from the 100 year HadCM3 control integration produced using UM4.5 on the BADC Beowulf Cluster. * Surface flux climatology data from SOC If using the 100 year dataset from the Hadley Centre, please be aware that the run was restarted part of the way through. This means that there is a difference in the indicated date of origin in the data files, and can cause a discontinuity if not corrected for during analysis. The 1000 year HadCM3 dataset has been extracted from the Met Office and these data have been added to the archive. The data from a 500 year HadCM3 control integration performed on a linux Beowulf cluster using UM version 4.5 at the BADC has been included in the archive. Please see the README.txt for more information.

The NERC URGENT thematic programme was set up to integrate urban environmental research across the geological, ecological, freshwater and atmospheric sciences. It worked in partnership with city authorities, industry and regulatory bodies. The thematic programme began in 1998 and lasted for 7 years. This project provided facilities in the form of a low cost, highly instrumented aircraft designed for probing the turbulent and aerosol-cloud microphysical structure of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). Priority use was given to the PUMA (Pollution of the Urban Midlands) consortia during the field trials planned for June 1999 and January / February 2000. The main objectives were: -to provide high resolution 3-D wind turbulence, temperature and trace-gas variances of the urban ABL -to provide measurements of the vertical and horizontal profile of aerosol concentration and volumetric size distribution over the Birmingham conurbation -to provide a database of aircraft urban ABL case studies, which will be available to the PUMA and ASURE modelling communities via the appropriate NERC database committee -to provide, where current UMIST instrumentation and facilities allow, the aircraft as a measurement platform for specific URGENT user measurement requests -to measure the vertical entrainment and venting rates of trace-gas and aerosol between the urban ABL and the lower troposphere -to measure the net aerosol / condensation nucleus flux downwind over an urban environment -to construct and install a low cost aerosol collection sampling system to provide complementary aerosol chemical composition data to the PUMA measurement campaigns and to the PUMA modelling efforts. A flight programme of ten flight days / case studies was designated solely to the PUMA consortia. Five additional flights were made available for either (a) instrument testing required by PUMA, which required the removal of the base-line instruments due to space and weight limitations, or (b) specific flights to accommodate other URGENT requirements.

The NERC URGENT thematic programme was set up to integrate urban environmental research across the geological, ecological, freshwater and atmospheric sciences. It worked in partnership with city authorities, industry and regulatory bodies. Airborne Particulate Pollutants: PHYsicochemistry and TOXicity (PHYTOX) is a NERC Urban Regeneration and the Environment (URGENT) Air project (GST/02/2222 - Duration: 1/10/1998 - 30/9/2001) led by Prof Roy Richards, University of Wales, Cardiff. The objectives of this project were: -to collect and provide detailed physiochemical analysis of PM10 (defined as particulate matter which has an aerodynamic diameter of less than 10microns) from four sites (industrial, densely populated urban, open cast mining and rural) in the South Wales conurbation -to examine the ability of the characterised samples of PM10 to produce lung inflammation, increase lung permeability or initiate epithelial damage -to determine if the effects are transient or progressive. This project has a multi-disciplinary approach to collect, quantify, physicochemically characterise and determine the respiratory toxicology of different samples of airborne particles. The research is especially timely because of the increasing concerns by government, medical and environmental professionals about possible adverse health effects of particulate pollution. In addition, there is growing public concern, particularly amongst asthmatics and the healthy population, who live near traffic or other particle-generating sources, that airborne pollutants may be detrimental to health.

The NERC URGENT thematic programme was set up to integrate urban environmental research across the geological, ecological, freshwater and atmospheric sciences. It worked in partnership with city authorities, industry and regulatory bodies. The thematic programme began in 1998 and lasted for 7 years. Universities Weather Research Network (UWERN) Urban Meteorology Programme (URBMET) was a NERC Urban Regeneration and the Environment (URGENT) Air project (GST/02/2231 - Duration: 1/01/1999 - 30/6/2002) led by Dr Stephen Belcher, University of Reading. The key issues of this project were: -how boundary-layer motions drive small-scale street-level circulations within the urban canopy -how street-level circulations feed back into the larger-scale boundary-layer above by mixing heat, moisture and momentum -how small-scale circulations within the streets mix pollutants from street-level into the boundary-layer above -how larger-scale motions above affect the mixing. This work brought together expertise from dynamical and observational meteorology, and theoretical and experimental fluid dynamics to make full-scale and laboratory measurements of the atmospheric boundary-layer over urban areas. The project developed a sound understanding of the processes of mixing and transport from the street-level into the boundary-layer. It also developed methods for parameterising these processes in urban-scale dispersion models and in numerical weather prediction models through an urban canopy model of urban areas.

This dataset holds Northern Hemisphere (north of 15 deg. N) daily and monthly series of 500 hPa geopotential height fields and also daily and monthly series of 1000-500 hPa thickness fields. The data is gridded (5x10 grid). The data is available for the period 1945 to 2005. The data is supplied by the Met Office, Hadley Centre.

The NERC URGENT thematic programme was set up to integrate urban environmental research across the geological, ecological, freshwater and atmospheric sciences. It worked in partnership with city authorities, industry and regulatory bodies. The URGENT "Air" data were mainly in situ ground based measurements in urban and suburban areas but also include observations from aircraft, lab measurements and model results. Retrieved variables include atmospheric chemical species and aerosols, photolysis rates and meteorological/radiative parameters. The thematic programme began in 1998 and lasted for 7 years. Tracer and Dispersion of Gaseous Pollutants (GASPOL) was a NERC Urban Regeneration and the Environment (URGENT) Air project (GST/02/1974 - Duration: 2/9/1998 - 31/8/2001) led by Prof Peter Simmonds, University of Bristol. The transport and dispersion of pollutants, within and from a large urban area, are important processes due to their potential environmental impact on city inhabitants and those living in nearby communities. The release of atmospheric Tracers is a powerful technique to simulate the dispersion of pollutants and to enable direct measurement of the transport path and concentrations along the trajectory. Successful Tracers a inert, non-toxic, non-depositing, with low atmospheric background concentrations, long atmospheric lifetimes, and limited commercial use. This research project developed the Tracer technology necessary to characterise atmospheric dispersion within the urban environment. Bristol University were exploiting the many years of experience in Tracer technology coupled with recent advances in gas chromatography/mass spectrometry techniques. There were several components to developing an effective experimental Tracer technology and this project was addressing each of these in turn: -Selection of Tracers -Analytical instrumentation for their quantitative determination in the femtolitre/litre range -Design and construction of automated sequential samplers -Tracer release apparatus -The preparation of accurate perfluorocarbon standards.

This dataset holds gridded (5° latitude by 10° longitude grid) Northern Hemisphere (north of 15N) daily and monthly series of Mean Sea Level Pressure fields. The monthly series data are available for the period 1873 to 2005; the daily series data are available for the period 1881 to 2005. The data was supplied by the Met Office, Hadley Centre.

The Coupled Ocean Atmosphere and European Climate (COAPEC) is a NERC thematic programme designed to examine the variability of the Earth's climate. The goal of COAPEC is to determine the impact on climate, especially European climate, of the coupling between the Atlantic Ocean and the atmosphere. The British Atmospheric Data Centre (BADC) is the primary distribution data centre for COAPEC. This dataset contains heat flux monthly data from the Southampton Oceanographic Centre (SOC).

The Coupled Ocean Atmosphere and European Climate (COAPEC) is a NERC thematic programme designed to examine the variability of the Earth's climate. The goal of COAPEC is to determine the impact on climate, especially European climate, of the coupling between the Atlantic Ocean and the atmosphere. The British Atmospheric Data Centre (BADC) is the primary distribution data centre for COAPEC. This dataset contains climatology data from the Southampton Oceanographic Centre (SOC).

The Coupled Ocean Atmosphere and European Climate (COAPEC) is a NERC thematic programme designed to examine the variability of the Earth's climate. The goal of COAPEC is to determine the impact on climate, especially European climate, of the coupling between the Atlantic Ocean and the atmosphere. The British Atmospheric Data Centre (BADC) is the primary distribution data centre for COAPEC. This dataset contains heat flux monthly data from the Southampton Oceanographic Centre (SOC).